Astigmatism in children can lead to blindness if not treated on time – expert

Recent increases in eye diseases among children have been attributed to excessive use of phones and computers. One such condition is astigmatism. Otabek Ikramov, the chief physician of the Republican Clinical Hospital for Eye Diseases, provides insight into this disorder.

According to Ikramov, astigmatism is a refractive error where the curvature of the cornea or lens of the eye is irregular, leading to blurred vision. When light enters the eye, it fails to focus properly on the retina due to this abnormal curvature, resulting in a blurry image and impaired vision at any distance.

Astigmatism is one of the most common eye problems among children, and its prevalence is rising, particularly among boys and girls who are increasingly addicted to phones and gadgets, watch television for extended periods, or read while lying down.

The condition can also arise from genetic factors, corneal deformities at birth, eye injuries, keratitis, or keratoconjunctivitis.

A child with astigmatism may struggle to see both near and far clearly, often squinting or tilting their head to improve their vision. Other symptoms may include headaches, discomfort around the eyes, sensitivity to bright light, blurred or double vision, and eye fatigue from prolonged screen time or reading.

If left untreated, astigmatism can lead to a significant decline in vision and potentially result in blindness.

An ophthalmologist can diagnose astigmatism by examining the patient’s vision using special charts and assessing the curvature of the cornea. This condition can be detected in children as young as 3 to 7-8 years old.

Vision correction for astigmatism typically involves glasses or contact lenses. Surgical treatment is only recommended after the age of 18, once the visual system has fully developed.

"I want to emphasize to parents that children may not always be aware of their vision problems. Therefore, even in the absence of complaints, children should be examined by an ophthalmologist annually," says Ikramov.

To help prevent astigmatism, parents should focus on their child’s diet, ensuring it includes plenty of protein. Proper lighting is essential when a child is working at a table or reading, and visual strain should be balanced with active rest. Eye exercises, vitamin intake (such as lutein), and timely treatment of underlying conditions are also important.

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